For a long time after
it 3
was ushered into this world of sorrow and trouble 8
, by , it remained a matter of considerable doubt whether the child 3
would survive to bear any name at all ; in which case it is somewhat more than probable that these memoirs would never have appeared ; or , if they had , that being comprised within a couple of pages , they would have possessed the inestimable merit of being the most concise and faithful specimen of biography , extant in the literature of any age or country 11
.
Although I 6
am not disposed to maintain that the being born in a workhouse 2
, is in itself the most fortunate and enviable circumstance that can possibly befall a human being 12
, I 6
do mean to say that in this particular instance , it was the best thing for Oliver Twist 3
that could by possibility have occurred .
The fact is , that there was considerable difficulty in inducing Oliver 3
to take upon himself 3
the office of respiration , -- a troublesome practice , but one which custom has rendered necessary to our 13
easy existence ; and for some time he 3
lay gasping on a little flock mattress , rather unequally poised between this world 8
and the next : the balance being decidedly in favour of the latter .
Now , if , during this brief period , Oliver 3
had been surrounded by careful grandmothers 14
, anxious aunts 15
, experienced nurses 16
, and doctors of profound wisdom 17
, he 3
would most inevitably and indubitably have been killed in no time .
There being nobody 18
by , however , but a pauper old woman , who was rendered rather misty by an unwonted allowance of beer 19
; and a parish 10
surgeon who did such matters by contract
9 ; Oliver 3
and Nature fought out the point between them .
The result was , that , after a few struggles , Oliver 3
breathed , sneezed , and proceeded to advertise to the inmates of
the workhouse 2
20 the fact of a new burden having been imposed upon the parish 10
, by setting up as loud a cry as could reasonably have been expected from a male infant who had not been possessed of that very useful appendage 3
, a voice , for a much longer space of time than three minutes and a quarter .
As Oliver 3
gave this first proof of the free and proper action of his 3
lungs , the patchwork coverlet which was carelessly flung over the iron bedstead , rustled ; the pale face of a young woman 21
was raised feebly from the pillow ; and a faint voice imperfectly articulated the words , ' Let me 21
see the child 3
, and die . '
The surgeon 9
had been sitting with his 9
face turned towards the fire : giving the palms of his 9
hands a warm and a rub alternately .
As the young woman 21
spoke , he 9
rose , and advancing to the bed 's head , said , with more kindness than might have been expected of him 9
: ' Oh , you 21
must not talk about dying yet . '
' Lor bless her 21
dear heart , no ! '
interposed the nurse 19
, hastily depositing in her 19
pocket a green glass bottle , the contents of which she 19
had been tasting in a corner with evident satisfaction .
' Lor bless her 21
dear heart , when she 21
has lived as long as I 19
have , sir 9
, and had thirteen children of
her 21
own
22 , and all on 'em dead except two , and them 22
in the wurkus with me 19
, she 21
'll know better than to take on in that way , bless her 21
dear heart !
Think what it is to be a mother 1
, there 's a dear young lamb do . '
Apparently this consolatory perspective of a mother 0
's prospects failed in producing its due effect .
The patient 21
shook her 21
head , and stretched out her 21
hand towards the child 3
.
The surgeon 9
deposited it 3
in her 21
arms .
She 21
imprinted her 21
cold white lips passionately on its 3
forehead ; passed her 21
hands over her 21
face ; gazed wildly round ; shuddered ; fell back -- and died .
They 23
chafed her 21
breast , hands , and temples ; but the blood had stopped forever .
They 23
talked of hope and comfort .
They 23
had been strangers 54
too long .
' It 's all over , Mrs. Thingummy 19
! '
said the surgeon 9
at last .
' Ah , poor dear , so it is ! '
said the nurse 19
, picking up the cork of the green bottle , which had fallen out on the pillow , as she 19
stooped to take up the child 3
.
' Poor dear ! '
' You 19
need n't mind sending up to me 9
, if the child 3
cries , nurse 19
, ' said the surgeon 9
, putting on his 9
gloves with great deliberation .
' It 's very likely it 3
_ will _ be troublesome .
Give it 3
a little gruel if it 3
is . '
He 9
put on his 9
hat , and , pausing by the bed-side on his 9
way to the door , added , ' She 21
was a good-looking girl 55
, too ; where did she 21
come from ? '
' She 21
was brought here last night , ' replied the old woman 19
, ' by the overseer 24
's order .
She 21
was found lying in the street 25
.
She 21
had walked some distance , for her 21
shoes were worn to pieces ; but where she 21
came from , or where she 21
was going to , nobody 26
knows . '
The surgeon 9
leaned over the body 21
, and raised the left hand .
' The old story , ' he 9
said , shaking his 9
head : ' no wedding-ring , I 9
see .
Ah !
Good-night ! '
The medical gentleman 9
walked away to dinner ; and the nurse 19
, having once more applied herself 19
to the green bottle , sat down on a low chair before the fire , and proceeded to dress the infant 3
.
What an excellent example of the power of dress , young Oliver Twist 3
was !
Wrapped in the blanket which had hitherto formed his 3
only covering , he 3
might have been the child of
a nobleman 27
or a
beggar 28
50 ; it would have been hard for the haughtiest stranger 29
to have assigned him 3
his 3
proper station in society .
But now that he 3
was enveloped in the old calico robes which had grown yellow in the same service , he 3
was badged and ticketed , and fell into his 3
place at once -- -- the orphan of
a workhouse 2
56 -- the humble , half-starved drudge 52
-- to be cuffed and buffeted through the world 8
-- despised by all 30
, and pitied by none 31
.
Oliver 3
cried lustily .
If he 3
could have known that he 3
was an orphan , left to the tender mercies of
church-wardens 32
and
overseers 24
57 , perhaps he 3
would have cried the louder .
CHAPTER II TREATS OF OLIVER TWIST 3
'S GROWTH , EDUCATION , AND BOARD For the next eight or ten months , Oliver 3
was the victim of a systematic course of treachery and deception .
He 3
was brought up by hand .
The hungry and destitute situation of the infant orphan 3
was duly reported by the workhouse 2
authorities
33 to the parish 10
authorities
34 .
The parish 10
authorities
34 inquired with dignity of the workhouse 2
authorities
33 , whether there was no female then domiciled in '
the house 2
' who was in a situation to impart to
Oliver Twist 3
, the consolation and nourishment of which
he 3
stood in need
51 .
The workhouse 2
authorities
33 replied with humility , that there was not .
Upon this , the parish 10
authorities
34 magnanimously and humanely resolved , that Oliver 3
should be ' farmed , ' or , in other words , that he 3
should be dispatched to a branch-workhouse some three miles off 35
, where twenty or thirty other juvenile offenders against the poor-laws 36
, rolled about the floor all day , without the inconvenience of too much food or too much clothing , under the parental superintendence of an elderly female 37
, who received the culprits 36
at and for the consideration of sevenpence-halfpenny per small head per week .
Sevenpence-halfpenny 's worth per week is a good round diet for a child 38
; a great deal may be got for sevenpence-halfpenny , quite enough to overload its 38
stomach , and make it 38
uncomfortable .
The elderly female 37
was a woman of wisdom and experience 58
; she 37
knew what was good for children 39
; and she 37
had a very accurate perception of what was good for herself 37
.
So , she 37
appropriated the greater part of the weekly stipend to her 37
own use , and consigned the rising parochial generation 36
to even a shorter allowance than was originally provided for them 36
.
Thereby finding in the lowest depth a deeper still ; and proving herself 37
a very great experimental philosopher 53
.
Everybody 40
knows the story of another experimental philosopher 41
who had a great theory about a horse being able to live without eating , and who demonstrated it so well , that he 41
had got his 41
own horse down to a straw a day , and would unquestionably have rendered him a very spirited and rampacious animal on nothing at all , if he had not died , four-and-twenty hours before he was to have had his first comfortable bait of air .
Unfortunately for , the experimental philosophy of the female to whose protecting care
Oliver Twist 3
was delivered over
37 , a similar result usually attended the operation of _ her 37
_ system ; for at the very moment when the child 43
had contrived to exist upon the smallest possible portion of the weakest possible food , it did perversely happen in eight and a half cases out of ten , either that it 43
sickened from want and cold , or fell into the fire from neglect , or got half-smothered by accident ; in any one of which cases , the miserable little being 43
was usually summoned into another world 42
, and there gathered to the fathers
it 43
had never known in this
44 .
Occasionally , when there was some more than usually interesting inquest upon a parish 10
child who had been overlooked in turning up a bedstead , or inadvertently scalded to death when there happened to be a washing
43 -- though the latter accident was very scarce , anything approaching to a washing being of rare occurrence in the farm 45
-- the jury 46
would take it into their 46
heads to ask troublesome questions , or the parishioners 34
would rebelliously affix their 34
signatures to a remonstrance .
But these impertinences were speedily checked by the evidence of the surgeon 9
, and the testimony of the beadle 47
; the former of whom had always opened the body 43
and found nothing inside ( which was very probable indeed ) , and the latter of whom invariably swore whatever the parish 10
wanted ; which was very self-devotional .
Besides , the board 48
made periodical pilgrimages to the farm 45
, and always sent the beadle 47
the day before , to say they 48
were going .
The children 36
were neat and clean to behold , when _ they 36
_ went ; and what more would the people 49
have !